The influence of congenital malformation of external and middle ear on the psychologic status of children patients / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This research focuses on the psychologic status of children patients with congenital malformation of external and middle ear by Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in order to explore the degree of the influence.@*METHOD@#The 66 patients of 4-16 years old were assessed psychologic status with CBCL filled in by their parents according to their performance in half a year. Then calculated the detection rate of behav ioral disorders of these patients. Collected all patients' general information and Marx's grade of malformed ears. Then analyzed the relationship between the detection rate and these factors.@*RESULT@#The detection rate of behavioral disorders of 4-16 years old patients, 21.21%, which is higher than that of Chinese norm. The Marx's grade and parents' mental stress relate with the behavioral disorders. In Logistic regression analysis, the value of Cox & Snell coefficient of the regression model is 0. 153. The detection rate of behavioral disorders in grade III patients (36.4%) is greater than that of grade II (4.3%), P = 0.004.@*CONCLUSION@#Congenital malformation of external and middle ear has an absolute influence on the patients' psychologic status, but its effect is only about 15% parts of the multitudinous influential factors. And grade III patients carry a high-risk for behavioral disorders.

Regulation of bone morphologenetic protein 4/Smad signaling pathway on the apoptosis of mouse primordial follicle oocytes / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of the bone morphologenetic protein 4 (BMP4)/Smad signaling pathway on the apoptosis of mouse primordial follicle oocytes .Methods Three-day-old Kunming mouse ovarine tissues were digested by the two-step enzymatic method to extract and purify oocytes .The cultured oocytes were divided into three groups: the normal culture medium (Con group), the medium with BMP4 (BMP4 group), and the medium with BMP4 and BMP4 inhibitor ( BMP4+inhibitor group ) .TUNEL was used to examine the effects of BMP 4 on the survival of the primordial follicle oocyte;Immunohistochemical staining and Real-time quantitative PCR were performed to investigate the expressions of p-Smad1/5/8, sohlh2, c-kit and foxo3a;siRNA interference, sohlh2 plasmid transfection and LY294002 treatments were performed to explore the mechanism of the BMP 4/Smad signaling pathway on the apoptosis of oocytes . Results TUNEL results demonstrated that the ratio of apoptotic oocytes in BMP 4 group was significantly lower than that in the Con group ( P <0.05 ) and the BMP4 +inhibitor group ( P <0.05 ); BMP4 significantly promoted the nuclear translocation of Smad and inhibited the nuclear translocation of foxo 3a, the mRNA and protein levels of sohlh2 and c-kit remarkably increased in BMP4 group.The effect of BMP4 on the oocyte survival was significantly repressed after sohlh 2 siRNA transfection.Sohlh2 overexpression up-regulated the expression of p-foxo3a, and this activity was abolished by LY 294002.Conclusion BMP4/Smad signaling pathway may inhibit primordial follicle oocyte apoptosis , via up-regulation of the expression of sohlh2 and c-kit, and then down-regulation of the nuclear translocation of foxo 3a.

Influence of childhood obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome on hearing / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the influence of hypoxemia on the hearing of children with childhood obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).@*METHOD@#Auditory brainstem response (ABR) and distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) was recorded in 68 ears and 60 ears respectively of children suffering from OSAHS with "A" tympanogram. Meanwhile, ABR and DPOAE was also recorded in 30 controls of children with "A" tympanogram.@*RESULT@#There was no statistical difference between the mild OSAHS group and the control group in the latency of wave I, III and V, the interval between wave I and III, III and V, I and V. There was significant difference between the moderate and severe OSAHS group and the control group in the delayed latency of wave I. There was significant difference between the mild OSAHS group and the control group in the amplitudes of DPOAE at 8 kHz. There was significant difference between the moderate and severe OSAHS group and the control group in the amplitudes of DPOAE at 6 kHz and 8 kHz.@*CONCLUSION@#Cochlear function was affected when AHI > or = 10/h. ABR and DPOAE could be used to detect the early damagement of auditory function in childhood OSAHS.

Clinical analysis on syphilis with sensorineural deafness / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical presentation, diagnosis and therapy of syphilis with sensorineural deafness.@*METHOD@#Three patients of syphilis with sensorineural deafness were analyzed including the clinical manifestation, serum and therapy response.@*RESULT@#Three patients of syphilis with sensorineural deafness: 2 cases with rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) positive, 1 case with RPR negative and TPPA positive; 2 cases had been diagnosed with syphilis and treated once; 2 cases with sudden sensorineural deafness and tinnitus, 1 case with tinnitus and high-frequency hearing loss. All cases hadn't another identified cause of the hearing loss or tinnitus. Their hearing loss level weren't improved after therapy.@*CONCLUSION@#Sudden hearing loss or nervous tinnitus may be the clinical manifestations of syphilis with sensorineural deafness. It is easy to miss diagnosis in clinical work. Some lab examinations were necessary to diagnose the cases with the etiology unknown of hearing loss, tinnitus or nystagmic.

Microsurgical treatment for tumors in jugular foramen and its around / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To explore the micresurgical techniques and outcome of tumors in jugular foramen and its around. Methods Eleven patients with jugular foramen tumors were operated through suboccipital-retrosigmoid approach (2 cases), jugular foramen approach (2 cases), temporal fossa approach (4 cases) and mastoid-cervical combined approach (3 cases). Results Nine tumors were totally removed and 2 were subtotally removed. Of those cases, there were 4 neurinoma, 4 paragangliome, I meningioma, 1 mucochondrosarcoma, and 1 low-differentiated carcinoma. Postoperative complications included transient cerebrespinal fluid leak(1 case) and new lower cranial nerve injury (2 cases). All cases were followed up for mere than 8 months. The postoperative hearing was improved in 1 case, stable in 6 cases, deteriorated in 4 cases. Postoperative facial paralysis of grade Ⅱ- Ⅲ occurred in 3 of 9 patients without facial paralysis, which recovered in half a year. Of 2 patients with facial paralysis before surgery, facial function was improved in 1 case and stable in 1 case. Conclusion Proper surgical approaches and micrceurgical techniques, which were adopted according to the types, the location, and the expansion of tumors, the function of facial nerve and lower cranial nerves, and hearing level, are good for reducing complications, exposing and removing jugular foramen tumors.